Since mid-December 2024, the Chinese mainland has observed an uptick in cases of human metapneumovirus (HMPV), stirring public concern about a potential new virus. Health officials and medical experts are urging calm, clarifying that HMPV is a well-established respiratory virus that is often under-recognized.
Understanding HMPV
Domestic media reports have highlighted the increase in HMPV infections, with individuals experiencing “flu-like” symptoms such as dizziness, leading to speculation about a novel pathogen. However, experts emphasize that HMPV is not new.
“HMPV is a common virus that has circulated worldwide for over 60 years, although it was only identified by scientists in the early 2000s due to its slow growth rate and non-specific symptoms,” explained Zheng Lishu, a researcher at the Institute of Virology at the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). “For most people, the symptoms will gradually subside in about a week.”
Similar Symptoms, Different Viruses
Medical professionals caution against self-diagnosis based on symptoms like fever or dizziness. “It is not accurate to judge influenza, HMPV, and other respiratory infections based on the level of fever or dizziness,” said Ruan Zhengshang, deputy head of the department of infectious diseases at Xinhua Hospital in Shanghai. HMPV shares symptoms with other respiratory illnesses, including cough, nasal congestion, fatigue, gastrointestinal discomfort, and even high fever.
Ruan advises individuals to seek medical attention for accurate diagnosis and treatment if symptoms worsen.
Treatment and Prevention
While most HMPV cases are mild, certain groups may be at higher risk of complications. “A small number of children may develop pneumonia after infection,” noted Tang Lanfang, head of the department of respiratory diseases at Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine. She stressed the importance of close monitoring for children, the elderly, and immunocompromised individuals.
Signs that require immediate medical attention include persistent high fever, lethargy, worsening cough, and shortness of breath.
Currently, there is no specific antiviral treatment or vaccine for HMPV. Experts recommend supportive care measures such as rest, maintaining a light diet, and wearing appropriate clothing. Preventative actions include wearing masks, frequent hand washing, ensuring good ventilation, and avoiding crowded places.
Stay Informed and Vigilant
The rise in HMPV cases serves as a reminder of the importance of public health awareness and adherence to preventative measures. Health officials continue to monitor the situation closely and encourage the public to stay informed through official channels.
Reference(s):
China sees rise in HMPV infections, but it's not a 'new virus'
cgtn.com
