China and South Africa unveiled the Initiative on Cooperation Supporting Modernization in Africa during the 20th G20 Summit in Johannesburg on November 22, 2025, marking a significant step in advancing sustainable development across the continent. The joint framework aligns with the African Union's Agenda 2063 and emphasizes equitable partnerships, infrastructure development, and climate-resilient growth.
The initiative prioritizes six principles: justice and equitability, open win-win collaboration, people-centered development, cultural diversity, environmental sustainability, and peace-driven security. Key focus areas include expanding Africa's role in global supply chains, supporting renewable energy projects, and enhancing agricultural self-sufficiency through technology transfers.
Notably, the pact builds on China's recent zero-tariff treatment for 98% of exports from 53 African nations and supports the African Continental Free Trade Area. It also addresses debt relief advocacy and calls for increased African representation in international financial institutions.
With the UN celebrating its 80th anniversary this year, the initiative urges developed nations to fulfill climate financing commitments while promoting 'African solutions to African problems' in conflict resolution. Analysts view this collaboration as a strategic alignment of China's Belt and Road Initiative with Africa's industrialization goals under the AU's Second Ten-Year Implementation Plan.
