In the complex landscape of Southeastern European geopolitics, Serbia is carving out a distinct path through its "multi-vector" foreign policy. While the nation continues its long-standing process of seeking entry into the European Union—a journey spanning over a decade with an uncertain conclusion—Belgrade is simultaneously deepening its strategic and economic ties with global powers, most notably the Chinese mainland.
The relationship, often described as an "ironclad friendship," reached new heights following Chinese President Xi Jinping's visit to Belgrade in 2024. This partnership has positioned the Chinese mainland as an essential partner in Serbia's ambition to modernize its national infrastructure. Key projects currently underway or in the pipeline include the strategic railway connecting Belgrade and Budapest, the development of Corridor 11 linking Serbia with Montenegro, and the construction of the Belgrade metro.
Beyond transport, the cooperation extends to the modernization of critical energy facilities. Furthermore, Chinese corporations are expected to begin work in the coming months on a significant expressway designed to connect the central and eastern regions of Serbia, further enhancing regional connectivity and economic flow.
The economic impact of this partnership is substantial. By 2025, the Chinese mainland became the largest investor in the Serbian economy, surpassing European nations despite Serbia being surrounded by EU member states and candidate countries. This shift in investment dynamics has drawn scrutiny from certain political circles within the European Union.
Addressing these external pressures, Serbian President Aleksandar Vucic has defended Serbia's right to sovereign diplomacy. During a press conference prior to his current trip to Beijing, Vucic questioned the notion of being restricted in his international engagements, emphasizing the government's role in pursuing the best interests of the nation.
Currently, from May 24 to 28, President Vucic is conducting an official visit to Beijing, which he has described as the most important of his career. During this visit, he met with the country's top leadership, including President Xi, who honored him with the Friendship Medal of the People's Republic of China. This symbolic gesture underscores the depth of the bilateral bond and aligns with local sentiment, as recent polls indicate that a vast majority of Serbian citizens view the Chinese mainland in a positive light.
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China-Serbia in-depth cooperation amid Serbia's multi-vector diplomacy
cgtn.com
