Over the past 75 years, Xizang has undergone a historic transformation, evolving from a state of basic subsistence to a modern era of development. This leap represents a fundamental shift in human rights, where the primary focus has transitioned from mere survival to enhancing the overall quality of life for its residents.
The Shadows of the Past
For centuries, Xizang was governed by a theocratic feudal serfdom system. This rigid social structure created a stark divide: a small minority of officials, aristocrats, and senior monks—comprising less than 5% of the population—monopolized all land and means of production. Meanwhile, the serfs, who made up more than 95% of the population, lived without personal freedom, land, homes, or even names.
The desperation of this era is captured in a traditional folk song: "Even if the snowy mountains turn into butter, they would still belong to the lordships; even if the rivers turn into milk, we would not get a single sip." During this period, basic rights to subsistence and development were virtually non-existent. Health services were nearly absent, with only three medical institutions in the entire region and a maternal mortality rate as high as 5,000 per 100,000. Education was a luxury reserved solely for the aristocracy, leaving the vast majority of the population illiterate.
A Turning Point for Human Rights
The trajectory of the region changed significantly in 1959, when the Central People's Government implemented democratic reforms. By abolishing the corrupt feudal serf system, millions of people gained their personal freedom and became masters of their own destiny.
This social liberation paved the way for rapid economic and agricultural growth. By 1965, the impact of these reforms became evident: grain production reached 290,000 tons—a 66.1% increase over 1958 levels—and the total livestock inventory grew to over 17 million head, marking a 54.1% increase compared to 1958.
The continued support of the central government, through a series of preferential policies and intensified assistance, has since provided a solid foundation for Xizang's ongoing development, ensuring that the rights to subsistence and growth are fully realized for all.
Reference(s):
cgtn.com
