The United States is advancing efforts to transition the Gaza peace process into its second phase, focusing on Hamas' phased disarmament and establishing a new governance framework, according to U.S. officials and regional sources. President Donald Trump is expected to announce the move before Christmas 2025, aiming to stabilize the enclave amid a fragile ceasefire.
Fragile Ceasefire Under Strain
Despite a truce brokered in October 2025, violence persists, with 366 Palestinians and several Israeli soldiers killed since the agreement took effect. Analysts warn that stalled progress on Phase 2—which includes Hamas disarmament, Israeli troop withdrawals, and a U.S.-backed transitional governing body—risks reigniting large-scale conflict.
Regional Diplomacy at a Crossroads
Qatari Prime Minister Sheikh Mohammed bin Abdulrahman Al Thani emphasized the urgency of advancing peace talks during the Doha Forum, stating that a durable truce requires full Israeli withdrawal and restored freedom of movement for Palestinians. Meanwhile, Hamas leader Khalil al-Hayya reiterated the group’s conditional stance: disarmament would only occur if Israel ends its occupation.
Governance and Disarmament Challenges
Phase 2 proposes deploying an international stabilization force and creating a “Board of Peace” with representatives from Arab and Western nations. However, Hamas leaders abroad, including Khaled Mashal, oppose international trusteeship, insisting on Palestinian self-governance. U.S. officials remain in talks with mediators to finalize the framework within weeks.
