South Korean scientists have made a groundbreaking advancement in neuroscience with the development of Nano-MIND, a magnetogenetics technology that enables wireless and remote control of specific brain regions. Researchers at the Institute for Basic Science (IBS) have successfully used this technology to modulate complex brain functions such as emotions, social behaviors, and motivation in animal models.
The study, recently published in Nature Nanotechnology, highlights the potential of magnetic fields in controlling brain circuits. While magnetic fields have been safely used in medical imaging due to their ability to penetrate biological tissue, precisely manipulating neural activity using magnetic fields has been a significant challenge—until now.
Nano-MIND leverages magnetic fields and magnetized nanoparticles to stimulate targeted brain circuits with unprecedented precision. By placing nano-magnetoreceptors within specific neuronal types and brain regions, the researchers can activate these neurons through rotating magnetic fields at exact time intervals. This innovative approach allows for precise spatial and temporal control over neural activity.
Demonstrating the technology’s capabilities, the team selectively activated inhibitory GABA receptors in the medial preoptic area (MPOA), a region associated with maternal behaviors. Remarkably, non-maternal female mice exhibited nurturing behaviors typically seen in maternal mice, such as retrieving pups to their nests, upon activation of these neurons.
The researchers also explored the regulation of feeding behaviors by targeting motivation circuits in the lateral hypothalamus. Activation of inhibitory neurons in this area led to a 100% increase in appetite and feeding behaviors in mice. Conversely, activating excitatory neurons resulted in more than a 50% reduction in appetite and feeding.
These compelling results demonstrate that Nano-MIND technology can selectively activate desired brain circuits to bidirectionally modulate higher brain functions. This breakthrough paves the way for significant advancements in neuroscience and holds promise for potential therapeutic applications in treating neurological disorders.
The development of Nano-MIND marks a significant step forward in our understanding of the brain’s intricate workings. By enabling precise control over neural activity without invasive procedures, this technology could revolutionize how we approach the treatment of various neurological conditions, offering hope for new therapies and interventions.
Reference(s):
New technology uses magnetic fields to control brain regions
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