The 28th World Parkinson’s Day was observed on Thursday, drawing attention to Parkinson’s disease (PD), a prevalent neurodegenerative disorder affecting approximately 4.5 million people worldwide. Commonly seen in the elderly, PD is characterized by both motor and non-motor symptoms that significantly impact patients’ quality of life.
Motor and Non-Motor Symptoms
Motor symptoms are the most recognized signs of PD, including tremors at rest, stiffness, difficulty in walking, writing, and swallowing. Patients may experience tremors in the hands, feet, head, and even lips and jaws. Movements become slow and rigid, making daily activities challenging.
However, non-motor symptoms often precede motor manifestations and can be equally distressing. According to Hu Yongsheng, a chief physician at the functional neurosurgery department of Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, these symptoms include olfactory dysfunction, sleep disturbances, constipation, mood disorders, and cognitive changes.
“Sleep disorders are among the most common non-motor symptoms in PD patients,” Dr. Hu explained. “They may exhibit behaviors like yelling or kicking during sleep, sudden episodes of falling asleep during conversations, and difficulties with insomnia or frequent awakenings.”
Not Just a Normal Part of Aging
While PD incidence increases with age, it should not be considered a normal aspect of the aging process. Early symptoms are often subtle and mistaken for typical aging, leading to delays in diagnosis and treatment. “Most PD cases begin on one side of the body and gradually worsen, eventually affecting both sides,” noted Dr. Hu.
The fundamental cause of PD is the insufficient secretion of dopamine in the brain. “Over time, patients experience impaired motor function,” Dr. Hu added. “They may have difficulty dressing, turning over, or walking independently. Additionally, they are prone to depression and may withdraw from social interactions.”
Parkinson’s Disease in Younger Individuals
Although PD is more common in the elderly, younger people are also at risk, particularly due to genetic factors. Studies indicate that early-onset PD is closely linked to genetics. “More young people are experiencing the disease, mostly related to genetic factors,” said Dr. Hu. “If there is PD occurrence in the family, the probability of developing PD is relatively greater, and the onset may be earlier.”
The Role of Exercise in Management
Currently, there is no cure for PD, but physical activity has been shown to reduce the risk of incidence and alleviate symptoms. Three types of exercises are recommended for PD patients:
- Aerobic Exercises: Activities that improve cardiorespiratory endurance, such as walking, swimming, or cycling.
- Resistance Exercises: Strength training using equipment like barbells, dumbbells, or resistance bands, as well as bodyweight exercises like sit-ups, push-ups, and pull-ups to increase muscle strength.
- Stretching Exercises: Practices that enhance flexibility, balance, and coordination, improving muscle and ligament function.
Engaging in these physical activities can partially improve both motor and non-motor symptoms in PD patients, contributing to a better quality of life.
Raising Awareness and Knowledge
World Parkinson’s Day serves as a reminder of the importance of understanding Parkinson’s disease. Increased awareness can lead to earlier diagnosis, better management of symptoms, and improved support for those affected by the condition.
Reference(s):
World Parkinson's Day: Gain more knowledge about Parkinson's disease
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