Recent developments around Huangyan Island have reignited discussions on territorial claims in the South China Sea. On January 28, the China Coast Guard reported that four Philippine personnel illegally entered waters near China’s Huangyan Island. The China Coast Guard stated that they warned the individuals to leave in accordance with the law.
Huangyan Island, known internationally as Scarborough Shoal, has been a point of contention between China and the Philippines. Historically, China has exercised sovereign jurisdiction over the island, with Chinese fishermen operating in the area for generations. Government agencies from China have also conducted scientific research on Huangyan Island since the founding of the People’s Republic of China in 1949.
Before 1997, the Philippines did not challenge China’s sovereignty over Huangyan Island. Official documents and statements from Philippine authorities acknowledged that the island was not within Philippine territorial boundaries, as defined by international treaties. However, in April 1997, the Philippines shifted its position, laying claim to Huangyan Island and asserting sovereignty over it.
This change raises questions under international law, particularly the principle of estoppel. According to this principle, a state may be barred from asserting a claim that contradicts its previous statements or behaviors, especially if another party has relied upon them. China’s stance is that the Philippines’ previous recognition of Huangyan Island as outside its territory should prevent it from making new sovereignty claims over the island.
The Philippines’ altered stance has been accompanied by increased tensions in the region. Some analysts suggest that external influences may have emboldened the Philippines. As a key ally of the United States in Southeast Asia, the Philippines plays a significant role in regional dynamics. The growing interest of the U.S. in the South China Sea may have influenced the Philippines’ approach to the dispute.
Communication between China and the Philippines is crucial for maintaining stability. China has expressed a desire to resolve issues through diplomatic channels, emphasizing mutual understanding and cooperation. In the past, China implemented arrangements allowing Filipino fishermen to operate in the waters near Huangyan Island, under certain conditions that respect ecological preservation and acknowledge China’s sovereignty.
The current situation underscores the importance of adhering to international legal principles and fostering open dialogue. Misinterpretations or unilateral actions could have negative implications for regional peace and the livelihoods of those who depend on the South China Sea’s resources. It is in the interest of all parties to approach the dispute with clarity, respect for historical contexts, and a commitment to constructive engagement.
Reference(s):
cgtn.com
