COP28 is fast approaching, and for many around the world, it represents a beacon of hope in the ongoing battle against climate change. The annual Conference of the Parties (COP) under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) is a time for nations to reflect on progress, set new goals, and negotiate strategies to mitigate the climate crisis.
The question on many minds is: What can COP28 realistically achieve? To answer this, we must understand both the potential and the limitations of these global gatherings.
Over the past decade, there has been significant progress in decarbonizing economies worldwide. Renewable energy sources like wind and solar are becoming mainstream. According to the International Energy Agency, within the next decade, wind and solar power are projected to become the primary sources of electricity. Electric vehicle (EV) sales are also on the rise, potentially surpassing internal combustion engine vehicles in the near future. The agency also forecasts that global fossil fuel consumption will begin to decline by 2030.
However, much of this progress has been driven by technological advancements and market forces rather than direct outcomes of COP negotiations. For instance, the rise of companies like Tesla has revolutionized the automotive industry, pushing traditional manufacturers to accelerate their EV development. This shift has been influenced by consumer demand and supportive policies like the United States’ Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) regulations, which predate the COP conferences.
The dramatic decrease in the cost of renewable energy technologies has also played a crucial role. From 2009 to 2019, the cost of solar power fell from $0.36 per kilowatt-hour to just $0.03. This was largely due to economies of scale and improvements in manufacturing efficiency—a testament to the power of innovation and market dynamics.
While COP conferences like COP21, which resulted in the Paris Agreement, have been instrumental in uniting countries under common climate goals, their direct impact on specific industries and technologies is less pronounced. COPs provide a platform for nations to commit to emissions targets and for stakeholders to collaborate, but implementation often depends on national policies and private sector initiatives.
As we approach COP28, it’s important to set realistic expectations. The conference can foster international cooperation, encourage nations to enhance their climate commitments, and address critical issues like climate finance and adaptation. However, transformative changes in energy consumption and emissions reductions will continue to rely heavily on technological innovation, policy support at the national level, and market trends.
Conclusion
COP28 holds the promise of advancing global climate action, but its success will depend on bridging the gap between high-level commitments and actionable solutions. Stakeholders across governments, businesses, and civil society must collaborate to turn pledges into progress. As observers and participants, we should recognize both the strengths and limitations of COPs and continue to support initiatives that drive tangible change in the fight against climate change.
Reference(s):
cgtn.com
