After nearly a decade of research, scientists from China's Tsinghua University and Beijing Tongren Hospital have unveiled a groundbreaking discovery regarding chronic sinusitis and nasal polyps. Published in the prestigious journal Nature, the study identifies a specific type of immune cell that, contrary to its expected protective role, actually exacerbates inflammation and tissue damage in these conditions.
Dr. Zhang Luo from Beijing Tongren Hospital explained the significance of the finding: \"White blood cells can be seen as the body's defense army, with T lymphocytes serving as its elite forces. Among them, memory CD8+ T cells are like specialized commandos.\"
The research team discovered that these memory CD8+ T cells secrete a protein called Granzyme K (GZMK). Unlike traditional cells that release Granzyme B to combat pathogens, these cells release GZMK, which bypasses the need for antibodies to activate the body's defense system. \"However, instead of protecting, Granzyme K intensifies tissue damage and inflammation, worsening the condition,\" Dr. Zhang added.
Chronic sinusitis and nasal polyps affect millions worldwide, causing symptoms such as nasal congestion, loss of smell, and headaches. Current treatments often provide only temporary relief, with many patients experiencing recurrent episodes.
The identification of GZMK as a key culprit offers a promising new avenue for treatment. Experimental models demonstrated that inhibiting GZMK significantly reduced inflammation.
Professor Qi Hai of Tsinghua University highlighted the potential impact: \"In the future, medications designed to target Granzyme K could help control inflammation and reduce recurrence, potentially revolutionizing the treatment landscape for conditions like chronic sinusitis, nasal polyps, and related allergic diseases.\"
This discovery not only deepens the understanding of immune system mechanisms but also opens doors for developing more effective therapies, offering hope to those suffering from these chronic conditions.
Reference(s):
Scientists find immune cells fueling chronic sinus infections
cgtn.com
