A groundbreaking study published in the Nature scientific journal has unveiled a surprising culprit behind chronic sinusitis and nasal polyps. After nearly a decade of research, scientists from China's Tsinghua University and Beijing Tongren Hospital have identified that a specific type of immune cell, previously thought to be a vital defender, is actually exacerbating inflammation and tissue damage.
The research centers on Granzyme K (GZMK), a protein secreted by a specialized type of memory CD8+ T cell. Dr. Zhang Luo from Beijing Tongren Hospital explained, \\"White blood cells can be seen as the body's defense army, with T lymphocytes serving as its elite forces. Among them, memory CD8+ T cells are like specialized commandos.\\"
Unlike traditional cells that release Granzyme B, these memory CD8+ T cells secrete Granzyme K, which bypasses the need for antibodies to activate the body's defense system. However, instead of offering protection, Granzyme K intensifies tissue damage and inflammation, worsening the condition of patients with chronic sinusitis and nasal polyps.
Chronic sinusitis and nasal polyps affect millions worldwide, causing symptoms such as nasal congestion, loss of smell, and headaches. While current treatments offer temporary relief, many patients experience recurrent episodes. The discovery of GZMK's role opens the door to new therapeutic approaches.
Experimental models demonstrated that inhibiting GZMK significantly reduced inflammation. \\"In the future, medications designed to target Granzyme K could help control inflammation and reduce recurrence,\\" said Professor Qi Hai of Tsinghua University. \\"This could potentially revolutionize the treatment landscape for conditions like chronic sinusitis, nasal polyps, and related allergic diseases.\\"
The findings provide hope for more effective and lasting treatments, improving the quality of life for those suffering from these chronic conditions.
(Gong Zhe contributed to this story.)
Reference(s):
Scientists find immune cells fueling chronic sinus infections
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