Granzyme_K__The_Immune_Protein_Fueling_Chronic_Sinus_Issues

Granzyme K: The Immune Protein Fueling Chronic Sinus Issues

A decade-long study by researchers from Tsinghua University and Beijing Tongren Hospital has unveiled a surprising culprit behind chronic sinusitis and nasal polyps: a specific type of immune cell once considered a vital defender. Published in the journal Nature, the research identifies Granzyme K (GZMK), a protein secreted by specialized memory CD8+ T cells, as a key factor fueling persistent inflammation and tissue damage.

\"White blood cells can be seen as the body's defense army, with T lymphocytes serving as its elite forces,\" explained Dr. Zhang Luo from Beijing Tongren Hospital. \"Among them, memory CD8+ T cells are like specialized commandos.\"

Unlike traditional T cells that release Granzyme B to combat pathogens, these memory CD8+ T cells secrete Granzyme K. \"Granzyme K bypasses the need for antibodies to activate the body's defense system,\" Dr. Zhang said. \"However, instead of protecting, Granzyme K intensifies tissue damage and inflammation, worsening the condition.\"

Chronic sinusitis and nasal polyps affect millions worldwide, leading to symptoms like nasal congestion, loss of smell, and headaches. Despite current treatments offering temporary relief, many patients experience recurrent episodes.

The discovery of GZMK's role opens new avenues for treatment. Experimental models demonstrated that inhibiting GZMK significantly reduced inflammation. \"In the future, medications designed to target Granzyme K could help control inflammation and reduce recurrence,\" said Professor Qi Hai of Tsinghua University. \"This could potentially revolutionize the treatment landscape for conditions like chronic sinusitis, nasal polyps, and related allergic diseases.\"

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