A team of Chinese scientists has unveiled a surprising culprit behind chronic sinus infections and nasal polyps: a specific type of immune cell previously thought to be a defender of the body. Published in the prestigious journal Nature, the study identifies Granzyme K (GZMK), a protein secreted by specialized memory CD8+ T cells, as a key driver of persistent inflammation and tissue damage.
Dr. Zhang Luo from Beijing Tongren Hospital likens white blood cells to the body's defense army, with T lymphocytes serving as its elite forces. \"Among them, memory CD8+ T cells are like specialized commandos,\" he explained. \"Unlike traditional cells that release Granzyme B, these cells secrete Granzyme K, which bypasses the need for antibodies to activate the body's defense system. However, instead of protecting, Granzyme K intensifies tissue damage and inflammation, worsening the condition.\"
Chronic sinusitis and nasal polyps affect millions worldwide, leading to symptoms such as nasal congestion, loss of smell, and headaches. Current treatments often provide only temporary relief, with many patients experiencing recurrent episodes.
The discovery of GZMK's role offers new hope. Experimental models demonstrated that inhibiting Granzyme K significantly reduces inflammation. \"In the future, medications designed to target Granzyme K could help control inflammation and reduce recurrence,\" said Professor Qi Hai of Tsinghua University. \"This could potentially revolutionize the treatment landscape for conditions like chronic sinusitis, nasal polyps, and related allergic diseases.\"
After nearly a decade of investigation, the researchers' findings highlight the complex role immune cells play in chronic inflammatory diseases. By identifying a protein that exacerbates the condition, they have opened the door to more effective, targeted therapies.
(Gong Zhe contributed to this story.)
Reference(s):
Scientists find immune cells fueling chronic sinus infections
cgtn.com
