Beijing – In a groundbreaking study published in the journal Nature, researchers from China's Tsinghua University and Beijing Tongren Hospital have uncovered a surprising culprit behind chronic sinusitis and nasal polyps: a specific type of immune cell previously thought to be a vital defender.
The team spent nearly a decade investigating the role of Granzyme K (GZMK), a protein secreted by a specialized form of memory CD8+ T cells. Their findings reveal that instead of protecting the body, these cells exacerbate inflammation and tissue damage, worsening the condition.
\"White blood cells can be seen as the body's defense army, with T lymphocytes serving as its elite forces,\" explained Dr. Zhang Luo from Beijing Tongren Hospital. \"Among them, memory CD8+ T cells are like specialized commandos.\"
Dr. Zhang noted that while traditional cells release Granzyme B to combat pathogens, these specialized T cells secrete Granzyme K. \"Unlike Granzyme B, Granzyme K bypasses the need for antibodies to activate the body's defense system,\" he said. \"However, instead of offering protection, Granzyme K intensifies tissue damage and inflammation.\"
Chronic sinusitis and nasal polyps affect millions worldwide, leading to symptoms such as nasal congestion, loss of smell, and headaches. Despite existing treatments providing temporary relief, many patients experience recurring episodes.
The discovery of GZMK's role opens new avenues for therapeutic intervention. Experimental models demonstrated that inhibiting GZMK significantly reduced inflammation, suggesting it as a promising drug target.
\"In the future, medications designed to target Granzyme K could help control inflammation and reduce recurrence,\" said Professor Qi Hai of Tsinghua University. \"This could potentially revolutionize the treatment landscape for conditions like chronic sinusitis, nasal polyps, and related allergic diseases.\"
The study offers hope for more effective treatments, paving the way for improved quality of life for those suffering from these chronic conditions.
Reference(s):
Scientists find immune cells fueling chronic sinus infections
cgtn.com
