Scientists from China's Tsinghua University and Beijing Tongren Hospital have identified a specific type of immune cell that exacerbates chronic sinusitis and nasal polyps, conditions affecting millions worldwide. The groundbreaking study, published in the journal Nature, reveals that these immune cells, once thought to be vital defenders, can fuel persistent inflammation and tissue damage.
After nearly a decade of research, the team pinpointed Granzyme K (GZMK), a protein secreted by a specialized type of memory CD8+ T cell, as the key factor contributing to the worsening of these conditions.
\"White blood cells are like the body's defense army, with T lymphocytes serving as its elite forces,\" explained Dr. Zhang Luo of Beijing Tongren Hospital. \"Among them, memory CD8+ T cells act as specialized commandos. Unlike traditional cells that release Granzyme B, these cells secrete Granzyme K, which bypasses the need for antibodies to activate the body's defense system. However, instead of protecting, Granzyme K intensifies tissue damage and inflammation, worsening the condition.\"
Chronic sinusitis and nasal polyps cause symptoms like nasal congestion, loss of smell, and headaches. While current treatments offer temporary relief, many patients experience recurrent episodes. The discovery of GZMK's role opens new avenues for treatment.
\"Experimental models showed that inhibiting GZMK significantly reduced inflammation,\" said Professor Qi Hai of Tsinghua University. \"In the future, medications designed to target Granzyme K could help control inflammation and reduce recurrence. This could potentially revolutionize the treatment landscape for conditions like chronic sinusitis, nasal polyps, and related allergic diseases.\"
This research offers hope for more effective treatments, improving quality of life for those affected by these chronic conditions.
Reference(s):
Scientists find immune cells fueling chronic sinus infections
cgtn.com
