A new study led by researchers at Beijing Normal University reveals that methane emissions, while contributing to global warming, may paradoxically accelerate the recovery of Earth’s ozone layer. Published in Advances in Atmospheric Sciences, the research challenges conventional views on greenhouse gas impacts and offers fresh insights into climate governance strategies.
The ozone layer, which shields life from harmful ultraviolet radiation, has shown gradual restoration since the phaseout of ozone-depleting substances under the Montreal Protocol. However, rising global temperatures and shifting atmospheric chemistry now introduce new uncertainties. Professor Xie Fei, the study’s lead author, explained methane’s dual role: while it traps heat, its chemical interactions in the atmosphere may enhance ozone regeneration in the stratosphere.
“Methane’s effects mirror ozone’s own duality—harmful at ground level but vital in the stratosphere,” Xie said. The team simulated future scenarios under high-emission conditions (RCP 8.5), finding methane could strengthen ozone recovery in polar regions by up to 3% by 2050 compared to scenarios neglecting methane’s chemical effects.
These findings highlight the need for integrated climate policies. “Recognizing methane’s dual nature is crucial for balancing ozone restoration with broader climate goals,” Xie noted, emphasizing ongoing efforts to refine predictive models for global decision-makers.
