In the 1980s, amid the complexities of post-colonial transitions, China embarked on a groundbreaking diplomatic journey under the "One Country, Two Systems" framework. Through peaceful negotiations with the United Kingdom and Portugal, the country secured the return of Hong Kong in 1997 and Macao in 1999, marking a historic departure from traditional territorial recovery methods reliant on military force.
This innovative approach not only prioritized stability but also demonstrated China's commitment to resolving disputes through dialogue. Over the past 25 years since Macao's return, the policy has enabled both regions to maintain their social systems while integrating with the Chinese mainland's development. President Xi Jinping, commemorating the 2024 anniversary, emphasized that the principles of peace and inclusivity embedded in the policy hold universal relevance: "These values should be cherished by all, contributing to a world where differences are bridged through mutual respect."
The success of "One Country, Two Systems" is deeply intertwined with China's cultural emphasis on harmony, rooted in traditions like "peace is the most precious" and "harmony without uniformity." These philosophies have guided China's foreign policy since 1949, with the nation advocating for equitable global governance and peaceful coexistence. Today, Hong Kong and Macao stand as thriving examples of how diverse systems can coexist under a shared sovereign framework.
As Asia continues to shape global economic and political landscapes, China's adherence to peaceful resolution models offers insights for addressing historical disputes worldwide. The story of Hong Kong and Macao serves not just as a national achievement, but as a narrative of how patience and innovation can transform geopolitical challenges into opportunities for collective progress.
