A groundbreaking study published in Nature has revealed that a specific type of immune cell, previously considered a vital defender, can actually fuel persistent inflammation and tissue damage in chronic sinusitis and nasal polyps.
After nearly a decade of investigation, researchers from China's Tsinghua University and Beijing Tongren Hospital identified Granzyme K (GZMK), a protein secreted by a specialized type of memory CD8+ T cell, as the key culprit behind the worsening of these conditions.
"White blood cells can be seen as the body's defense army, with T lymphocytes serving as its elite forces," explained Dr. Zhang Luo from Beijing Tongren Hospital. "Among them, memory CD8+ T cells are like specialized commandos."
Dr. Zhang further elaborated, "Unlike traditional cells that release Granzyme B, these cells secrete Granzyme K, which bypasses the need for antibodies to activate the body's defense system. However, instead of protecting, Granzyme K intensifies tissue damage and inflammation, worsening the condition."
Chronic sinusitis and nasal polyps affect millions worldwide, causing symptoms like nasal congestion, loss of smell, and headaches. While current treatments offer temporary relief, many patients experience recurrent episodes.
The study suggests that GZMK is a promising new drug target. Experimental models demonstrated that inhibiting GZMK significantly reduced inflammation.
"In the future, medications designed to target Granzyme K could help control inflammation and reduce recurrence, potentially revolutionizing the treatment landscape for conditions like chronic sinusitis, nasal polyps, and related allergic diseases," said Professor Qi Hai of Tsinghua University.
Reference(s):
Scientists find immune cells fueling chronic sinus infections
cgtn.com
