A groundbreaking study published in the journal Nature has revealed that a specific type of immune cell, once thought to be a key defender, actually contributes to persistent inflammation and tissue damage in chronic sinusitis and nasal polyps.
After nearly a decade of research, scientists from China's Tsinghua University and Beijing Tongren Hospital have identified Granzyme K (GZMK), a protein secreted by a specialized type of memory CD8+ T cell, as the main culprit behind these chronic conditions.
"White blood cells are like the body's defense army, with T lymphocytes acting as its elite forces," explained Dr. Zhang Luo from Beijing Tongren Hospital. "Among them, memory CD8+ T cells function like specialized commandos. Unlike traditional cells that release Granzyme B, these cells secrete Granzyme K, which, instead of protecting the body, intensifies tissue damage and inflammation, worsening the condition."
Chronic sinusitis and nasal polyps affect millions of people worldwide, causing symptoms such as nasal congestion, loss of smell, and headaches. While current treatments offer temporary relief, many patients experience recurrent episodes, highlighting the need for more effective solutions.
The discovery of GZMK's role opens up new avenues for treatment. Experimental models demonstrated that inhibiting GZMK significantly reduced inflammation. "In the future, medications designed to target Granzyme K could help control inflammation and reduce recurrence," said Professor Qi Hai of Tsinghua University. "This could potentially revolutionize the treatment landscape for conditions like chronic sinusitis, nasal polyps, and related allergic diseases."
The study offers hope for millions suffering from chronic sinus issues, paving the way for more effective therapies that address the root cause rather than just alleviating symptoms.
(Gong Zhe contributed to this story.)
Reference(s):
Scientists find immune cells fueling chronic sinus infections
cgtn.com
