In a groundbreaking study published in Nature, researchers from Tsinghua University and Beijing Tongren Hospital have uncovered a surprising culprit behind chronic sinusitis and nasal polyps: a specific type of immune cell that exacerbates inflammation and tissue damage.
For nearly a decade, the team investigated the role of Granzyme K (GZMK), a protein secreted by a specialized subset of memory CD8+ T cells. Their findings revealed that, contrary to previous beliefs, these cells\u2014once thought to be defenders\u2014actually fuel persistent inflammation in the nasal passages.
\"White blood cells are like the body's defense army, with T lymphocytes serving as its elite forces,\" explained Dr. Zhang Luo of Beijing Tongren Hospital. \"Within this elite group, memory CD8+ T cells act like specialized commandos.\"
He continued, \"Unlike traditional cells that release Granzyme B, these particular cells secrete Granzyme K. Instead of requiring antibodies to activate the body's defense system, Granzyme K intensifies tissue damage and inflammation, worsening the condition.\"
Chronic sinusitis and nasal polyps affect millions worldwide, leading to symptoms such as nasal congestion, loss of smell, and headaches. Current treatments often provide only temporary relief, with many patients experiencing recurring episodes.
The discovery of GZMK's role offers a promising new target for drug development. Experimental models in the study demonstrated that inhibiting GZMK significantly reduced inflammation.
\"In the future, medications designed to target Granzyme K could help control inflammation and reduce recurrence,\" said Professor Qi Hai of Tsinghua University. \"This could potentially revolutionize the treatment landscape for conditions like chronic sinusitis, nasal polyps, and related allergic diseases.\"
Reference(s):
Scientists find immune cells fueling chronic sinus infections
cgtn.com
