A groundbreaking study published in the scientific journal Nature has revealed that a specific type of immune cell, once considered a crucial defender, can actually exacerbate inflammation and tissue damage in cases of chronic sinusitis and nasal polyps.
After nearly a decade of meticulous research, scientists from Tsinghua University and Beijing Tongren Hospital in China have identified Granzyme K (GZMK), a protein secreted by a specialized subset of memory CD8+ T cells, as a key contributor to persistent inflammation.
\"White blood cells are often likened to the body's defense army, with T lymphocytes acting as elite forces,\" explained Dr. Zhang Luo of Beijing Tongren Hospital. \"Within this elite group, memory CD8+ T cells function much like specialized commandos.\"
Dr. Zhang elaborated that unlike traditional cells releasing Granzyme B to combat pathogens, these specific memory CD8+ T cells secrete Granzyme K. \"Granzyme K bypasses the need for antibodies to activate the body's defense system. However, rather than offering protection, it intensifies tissue damage and inflammation, worsening the condition,\" he said.
Chronic sinusitis and nasal polyps affect millions globally, leading to symptoms such as nasal congestion, loss of smell, and headaches. Current treatments often provide only temporary relief, with many patients experiencing recurrent episodes.
The discovery of GZMK's role offers new hope. Experimental models demonstrated that inhibiting Granzyme K significantly reduced inflammation, suggesting that GZMK could be a promising target for future drug development.
\"Looking ahead, medications designed to target Granzyme K could help control inflammation and reduce recurrence,\" said Professor Qi Hai of Tsinghua University. \"This could potentially revolutionize the treatment landscape for conditions like chronic sinusitis, nasal polyps, and related allergic diseases.\"
The study not only sheds light on the underlying mechanisms of chronic sinus conditions but also opens avenues for more effective therapies, bringing relief to patients worldwide.
(Gong Zhe contributed to this story.)
Reference(s):
Scientists find immune cells fueling chronic sinus infections
cgtn.com
