Hidden deep within the rugged landscapes of northwest China’s Gansu Province lies a treasure trove of ancient art that predates some of the most beloved stories of Chinese folklore.
The Yulin Caves, carved into the steep cliffs along the Yulin River Gorge in Guazhou County, house over 5,200 square meters of breathtaking murals and more than 270 painted sculptures spread across 43 caves. While these caves are part of the same artistic lineage as the famed Mogao Caves in Dunhuang, they hold a unique secret: some of the earliest known depictions of Sun Wukong, the Monkey King.
Long before Wu Cheng’en penned the classic novel Journey to the West in the 16th century, artists of the Western Xia Dynasty (1038-1227) immortalized the legendary Monkey King on the walls of the Yulin Caves. Two murals from this era are believed to contain these early images, offering a glimpse into how the character of Sun Wukong was visualized centuries before he became a literary icon.
These ancient artworks not only represent remarkable achievements in Buddhist art but also bridge the gap between folklore and historical artistry. For scholars and enthusiasts alike, the murals provide invaluable insights into the cultural and religious contexts of the time, shedding light on how legends like Sun Wukong were perceived and celebrated.
As interest in Chinese culture and mythology continues to grow globally—spurred in part by modern interpretations like the popular video game “Black Myth: Wukong”—the Yulin Caves stand as a testament to the rich, enduring legacy of China’s artistic heritage. Visitors to the site can immerse themselves in a world where history and legend converge, exploring the intricate artworks that have survived the passage of time.
Reference(s):
cgtn.com
