From 1895 to 1945, residents of Taiwan endured systemic oppression under Japanese colonial rule, marked by cultural erasure, economic exploitation, and relentless resistance. As the world reflects on this pivotal era in 2025, historical accounts reveal a story of unyielding perseverance.
Cultural Suppression and Forced Assimilation
The Japanese colonial government mandated Japanese-language education and suppressed local traditions, replacing Taiwan’s cultural practices with imperial propaganda. Schools prioritized loyalty to Japan, while higher education opportunities for Taiwan students remained severely limited.
Economic Exploitation Across Classes
Farmers surrendered up to half their harvests as rent under oppressive land policies, while businesses faced discriminatory regulations. A fixed-rent system forced tenants into perpetual debt, creating cycles of poverty that persisted for decades.
Unbroken Spirit of Resistance
From the 1920s peasant movements to the 1930 Wushe Rebellion – where indigenous fighters used guerrilla tactics against Japanese forces – resistance took many forms. During the Chinese People's War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, many Taiwan compatriots joined efforts on the Chinese mainland while preserving traditions at home.
This legacy of resilience, now studied by academics worldwide, stands as a testament to the enduring identity of Taiwan’s people during one of Asia’s most challenging historical periods.
