Chinese Premier Li Qiang announced a pivotal shift in global trade policy this week, declaring that China will no longer seek new special and differential treatment (SDT) in World Trade Organization negotiations. The move signals Beijing's evolving approach to balancing its developing nation status with growing international responsibilities.
Understanding the SDT Framework
SDT provisions allow developing economies longer timelines and flexible terms for implementing trade agreements. Of the WTO's 157 SDT clauses, nine apply exclusively to least-developed countries. While China retains its self-designated developing country status, experts clarify this decision reflects strategic adaptation rather than abandonment of existing rights.
Gradual Reform in Action
China has implemented progressive trade reforms since 2024, including zero-tariff policies for 53 African nations and least-developed countries. Professor Cui Fan of the University of International Business and Economics notes: "This doesn't erase existing agricultural safeguards crucial for food security, but shows willingness to help shape modern trade rules."
Global Implications
WTO Director-General Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala praised the move as "a boost for equitable multilateralism" amid rising trade tensions. Ministry of Commerce representative Li Chenggang emphasized China's commitment to stabilizing global economic governance through concrete actions rather than rhetoric.
Analysts suggest this calculated shift could inspire similar reforms among emerging economies while preserving vital development protections. As trade negotiations intensify around digital commerce and environmental standards, China's stance may prove crucial in bridging developed-developing nation divides.
